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Polybioides tabidus
The African swarm-founding wasp, ''Polybioides tabidus'', is a social paper wasp from the order Hymenoptera that is typically found in Central Africa.〔Turillazzi, S., Francescato, Baldini Tosi, A. E., Carpenter, JM. A distinct caste difference in Polybioides tabidus (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Ins. Soc. 41:327-330 (1994). 327-330.〕 This wasp is unique in that it exhibits cyclical oligogyny, meaning queen number varies with colony cycle. After several generations of production of workers and future queens, a subset of many workers and queens leave the original colony to begin a new one. The new colony does not produce new queens until current queens from the old colony have died.〔 ''P. tabidus'' has been observed to display both predator and scavenger behavior, depending on the food sources available.〔
== Taxonomy and phylogeny ==
''Polybioides tabidus'' is a member of the subfamily Polistinae, which exclusively contains social wasps. Four tribes make up Polistinae: Polistini, Epiponini, Mischocyttarini, and Ropalidiini.〔Arévalo, Elisabeth. Zhu, Yong. Carpenter, James. Strassmann, Joan. The phylogeny of the social wasp subfamily Polistinae: evidence from microsatellite flanking sequences, mitochondrial COI sequence, and morphological characters. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2004, 4:8.〕 Out of the three swarm-founding groups of wasps, two are found in the tribe Ropalidiini—the genus ''Polybioides'' and some wasps of the genus ''Ropalidia''—and the third swarm-founding group includes the tribe Epiponini.〔 The genus ''Polybioides'' is most closely related to ''Belonogaster'' based on a phylogenetic tree.〔〔Smith, A., O’Donnell, S., Jeanne, R. Evolution of Swarm Communication in Eusocial Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Journal of Insect Behavior, Vol. 15, No. 6, (2002). 751-764.〕
''P. tabidus'' was originally described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1781 as (''Vespa tabida'') and has two other taxonomic synonyms (subsequently named species later found to be identical to ''P. tabidus''): ''Polybia bucula'' named in 1902 by Du Buysson and ''Polybia isabellina'' named by Schulthess in 1913.〔van der Vecht, J. The East-Asiatic and Indo-Australian Species of Polybioides buysson and Parapolybia Saussure (Hym., Vespidae). Zoologishe Verhandelingen. Vol. 82 (1966). 3-46.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.gbif.org/species/120649422 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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